Detection of 4 Sexually Transmitted Pathogens (Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis) in Urine (PCR)

Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Chlamydia infection often can be asymptomatic, especially in its early stages. It affects both men and women and can damage various parts of the body, including the genitals, rectum, and throat. Without symptoms, untreated chlamydia infection can lead to serious complications such as infertility, chronic infections, and Reiter's syndrome. The first symptoms appear 1-3 weeks after infection. In women, abnormal vaginal discharge, pain during urination, bleeding between periods, and pain during intercourse may occur. In men, abnormal discharge from the penis, pain during urination, and testicular pain and swelling may occur. Regular screening and prompt treatment are very important to prevent complications and reduce the risk of infecting others.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae - Gonorrhea is a widely spread infection transmitted through oral, vaginal, or anal sex. Symptoms typically appear 1–14 days after sexual contact with an infected person. Most women do not exhibit symptoms, but bleeding between periods or during intercourse, pain, or burning sensation during urination may occur. If undetected, untreated, or improperly treated, the infection can spread to the upper reproductive tract and develop into complicated gonococcal infection, which causes pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, infertility in women, and penile edema, epididymitis in men.

Mycoplasma genitalium - This bacterium most commonly infects the urethra and cervix, and the infection it causes can be asymptomatic. In some cases, untreated infection can lead to more serious complications, such as urethritis or cervicitis, and infertility.

Trichomonas vaginalis - The most widespread non-viral sexually transmitted pathogen in the world. T. vaginalis can cause abnormal vaginal discharge (trichomoniasis) in women, and in men, it accounts for 10~12% of all non-gonococcal urethritis cases. The infection can be asymptomatic in at least 50% of women and 70~80% of men.