Selenium

Selenium (Se) – is a trace element essential for the functioning of various body systems. It is particularly important for thyroid function, as it is involved in the conversion of thyroid hormones – conversion of T4 (thyroxine) into its more active form T3 (triiodothyronine). Additionally, selenium supports normal immune system function, is necessary for spermatogenesis, helps maintain healthy hair and nails, and protects cells from oxidative damage, acting as an antioxidant.

Measurement of selenium levels in serum is used to assess the body's reserves and is particularly important for patients receiving long-term parenteral nutrition, as selenium is often not included in the nutritional content in such cases. Insufficient selenium levels can cause weakness, muscle pain, weakened immunity, and in severe cases – cardiomyopathy. In some parts of the world, due to soil characteristics, both selenium deficiency and excess can be found.

Test Principle: Selenium concentration is determined in plasma or serum, usually using a spectrometric method. Results are presented in micrograms per liter (µg/l).

Recommendations:

• Recommended for patients undergoing long-term parenteral nutrition.
• Useful in suspected trace element imbalance, especially with immune system, hair, or nail problems.
• Assigned to assess oxidative stress conditions, infertility, thyroid function disorders.
• The test can be useful in endemic areas where selenium levels in food are very low or very high.
• It is recommended to come for the test fasting, avoiding selenium supplements for at least 24 hours before the test.