Ratio of Free PSA to Total PSA

What is it? 
This test calculates the ratio between free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and total PSA concentration in the blood. PSA is a protein produced by prostate cells, and an increased concentration can indicate both benign and malignant changes. 

When is it recommended? 

• For men with elevated total PSA levels (usually from 4 to 10 ng/ml); 
• Assessing the risk of prostate cancer; 
• Differentiating between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and malignant processes. 

Benefits for the patient: 

Allows for a more accurate assessment of risk and reduces the number of unnecessary biopsies. A low free/total PSA ratio is more indicative of a malignant process, while a higher ratio is typical for benign prostate conditions. 

Important to know: 

The accuracy of the test can be influenced by ejaculation, urinary tract infections, or invasive urological procedures – therefore, it is important to follow the doctor's instructions before the test.