Candida albicans (PCR) in urine

Candida albicans is a dimorphic fungus capable of existing in both yeast and pseudohyphal forms. This allows it to adapt and survive in various environments. It is naturally found in moist areas of the human body, such as the oral mucosa, intestines, vagina, and skin. Generally, it exists as a harmless commensal, but under certain conditions, it can become pathogenic. Typical symptoms of candidiasis in women include itching, vaginal pain, pain during intercourse, external dysuria, and abnormal vaginal discharge. In men, it can cause redness and itching of the glans penis, white discharge under the foreskin, unpleasant odor, and pain during intercourse. If untreated, inflammations can recur, potentially leading to secondary bacterial infections, urinary tract infections, and reproductive system complications.